Muraayadaha indhaha kuma cusba dad badan, waana muraayadda kan door weyn ka ciyaara sixitaanka myopia iyo ku habboonaanta muraayadaha indhaha. Waxaa jira noocyo kala duwan oo dahaadh ah oo ku yaal muraayadaha indhaha.sida dahaarka cagaaran, dahaarka buluugga ah, dahaarka buluug-guduudka ah, iyo xitaa waxa loogu yeero "dahaarka dahabka ee kaligii-taliska ah" (erey si wada jir ah loogu isticmaalo dahaarka midabka dahabka ah).Xirashada iyo jeexitaanka dahaarka muraayadaha indhaha waa mid ka mid ah sababaha ugu waaweyn ee loo beddelo muraayadaha indhaha. Maanta, aan wax ka baranno aqoonta la xiriirta dahaarka muraayadaha indhaha.
Kahor inta aysan soo bixin muraayadaha resin-ka, muraayadaha galaaska ayaa ahaa kuwa kaliya ee suuqa laga heli karo. Muraayadaha galaaska waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin sida tusmada sare ee refractive, gudbinta iftiinka sare, iyo adkaanta sare, laakiin sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin cillado: way fududahay in la jabiyo, way culus yihiin, oo ammaan ma ahan, iyo kuwo kale.
Si wax looga qabto cilladaha muraayadaha galaaska, soosaarayaashu waxay cilmi-baaris ku sameeyeen oo ay sameeyeen agabyo kala duwan si ay isugu dayaan inay beddelaan galaaska si loo soo saaro muraayadaha. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, beddelladani ma ahayn kuwo ku habboon - walxo kastaa waxay leedahay faa'iidooyin iyo khasaarooyin u gaar ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid aan macquul ahayn in la gaaro waxqabad dheellitiran oo daboolaya dhammaan baahiyaha. Tan waxaa ka mid ah xitaa muraayadaha resin-ka (alaabada resin-ka) ee maanta la isticmaalo.
Muraayadaha casriga ah ee resin-ka, dahaadhku waa hab lagama maarmaan ah.Agabka resin-ka ayaa sidoo kale leh kala-soocid badan, sida MR-7, MR-8, CR-39, PC, iyo NK-55-C.Waxaa sidoo kale jira walxo kale oo badan oo resin ah, mid walbana leh astaamo yar oo kala duwan. Hadday tahay muraayad galaas ah ama muraayad resin ah, marka iftiinku ka gudbo dusha sare ee muraayadda, waxaa dhaca dhowr dhacdo oo muuqaal ah: milicsiga, dib-u-jajabinta, nuugista, kala firdhinta, iyo gudbinta.
Dahaarka ka hortagga milicsiga
Kahor inta uusan iftiinku gaarin isku-xirka dusha sare ee muraayadda, tamartiisu waa 100%. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka uu ka baxo is-dhexgalka dambe ee muraayadda oo uu galo isha aadanaha, tamarta iftiinku mar dambe ma aha 100%. Boqolkiiba inta ay sii badan tahay tamarta iftiinka la hayo, ayaa sii fiicnaanaysa gudbinta iftiinka, iyo tayada sawirka iyo xallinta oo sii sarreysa.
Nooc go'an oo muraayad ah, yaraynta luminta milicsiga waa hab caadi ah oo lagu hagaajiyo gudbinta iftiinka. Inta badan iftiinka la muujiyo, ayaa hoos u dhacda gudbinta iftiinka muraayadda, iyo tayada sawir-qaadista oo liidata. Sidaa darteed, ka-hortagga milicsiga ayaa noqotay arrin muhiim ah oo ay tahay in wax laga qabto muraayadaha resin-ka - waana sida dahaarka ka-hortagga milicsiga (sidoo kale loo yaqaan filimada ka-hortagga milicsiga ama dahaarka AR) loogu mariyo muraayadaha (markii hore, dahaarka ka-hortagga milicsiga waxaa loo isticmaalay muraayadaha indhaha qaarkood).
Dahaarka ka hortagga milicsiga waxay adeegsadaan mabda'a faragelinta. Waxay soo saaraan xiriirka ka dhexeeya milicsiga xoogga iftiinka ee lakabka ka hortagga milicsiga ee muraayadda dahaarka leh iyo arrimo sida hirarka iftiinka shilka, dhumucda dahaarka, tusmada milicsiga dahaarka, iyo tusmada milicsiga ee muraayadda substrate. Naqshaddani waxay keentaa in fallaaraha iftiinka ee dhex mara dahaarka ay is baabi'iyaan, taasoo yaraynaysa luminta tamarta iftiinka ee dusha sare ee muraayadda iyo hagaajinta tayada iyo xallinta sawirka.
Inta badan dahaarka ka hortagga milicsiga waxaa laga sameeyaa oksaydh bir ah oo saafi ah sida titanium oxide iyo cobalt oxide. Agabkan waxaa lagu mariyaa dusha sare ee muraayadda iyada oo loo marayo habka uumi-baxa (dahaarka uumi-baxa vacuum) si loo gaaro saameyn wax ku ool ah oo ka hortagga milicsiga. Hadhaaga badanaa waxay sii jiraan ka dib habka dahaarka ka hortagga milicsiga, inta badan dahaarkani waxay muujiyaan midab cagaaran.
Mabda' ahaan, midabka dahaarka ka hortagga milicsiga waa la xakamayn karaa—tusaale ahaan, waxaa loo samayn karaa dahaarka buluugga ah, dahaarka buluugga ah, dahaarka guduudan, dahaarka cawlan, iwm. Dahaarka midabada kala duwan way ku kala duwan yihiin hababka wax soo saarkooda. Tusaale ahaan qaado dahaarka buluugga ah: dahaarka buluugga ah waxay u baahan yihiin xakamaynta milicsiga hoose, taasoo ka dhigaysa habka dahaarka mid ka adag kan dahaarka cagaaran. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, farqiga u dhexeeya gudbinta iftiinka ee u dhexeeya dahaarka buluugga ah iyo dahaarka cagaaran wuxuu noqon karaa wax ka yar 1%.
Badeecadaha muraayadaha, dahaarka buluugga ah waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa muraayadaha dhexe ilaa kuwa sare. Mabda' ahaan, dahaarka buluugga ah wuxuu leeyahay gudbin iftiin oo ka sarreeya dahaarka cagaaran (waa in la ogaadaa in tani ay tahay "mabda' ahaan"). Tani waa sababta oo ah iftiinku waa isku darka hirarka leh hirarka kala duwan, boosaska sawir-qaadista hirarka kala duwan ee ku yaal retina way kala duwan yihiin. Xaaladaha caadiga ah, iftiinka jaalaha ah-cagaaran ayaa si sax ah loogu sawiraa retina, iftiinka cagaaranna wuxuu wax badan ka taraa macluumaadka muuqaalka - sidaas darteed, isha aadanuhu waxay aad ugu nugul tahay iftiinka cagaaran.
Waqtiga boostada: Noofambar-06-2025